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The Society for Creative Anachronism SCA is an international living history group with the aim of studying and recreating mainly Medieval European cultures and their histories before the 17th century. A quip often used within the SCA describes it as a group devoted to the Middle Ages "as they ought to have been", [2] choosing to "selectively recreate the culture, choosing elements of the culture that interest and attract us".
The SCA's roots can be traced to a backyard party of a UC Berkeley medieval studies graduate, the author Diana Paxsonin Berkeley, Californiaon May Day in It ended with a parade down Telegraph Avenue with everyone singing " Greensleeves ". The SCA still measures dates within the society from the date of that party, calling the system Anno Societatis Latin for "in the Year of the Society", sca master thesis.
For example, May 1 to April 30 was A. XLIV The name Berkeley Society for Creative Anachronism was coined by science fiction author Marion Zimmer Bradleysca master thesis, an early participant, when the nascent group needed an official name in order to reserve a park for a tournament. Three more co-founders are mentioned by Douglas Martin in the New York Times obituaries of August 3, p. A23, sca master thesis, " Poul AndersonScience Fiction Novelist, Dies at 74" : "[Anderson and Karen Kruse] moved to San Francisco and were married They and their daughter, Astrid founded the Society for Creative Anachronism, which has spread nationwide.
That September, a tournament was held at the 26th World Science Fiction Conventionwhich was in Berkeley that year. The SCA had produced a book for the convention called A Handbook for the Current Middle Ageswhich was a how-to sca master thesis for people wanting to start their own SCA chapters.
Convention goers purchased the sca master thesis and the idea spread. Soon, other local chapters began to form. In Octoberthe SCA was incorporated as a c sca master thesis non-profit corporation in California.
All SCA kingdoms trace their roots to these original three. The number of SCA kingdoms has continued to grow by the expansion and division of existing kingdoms; for example, the kingdoms now called the Outlands, Artemisia, Ansteorra, Gleann Abhann, Meridies, and Trimaris all are made up of lands originally belonging to the fourth kingdom, Atenveldt, which began as a branch of the West Kingdom.
The abuse was committed in Pennsylvania at the private residence of Ben Schragger, who pleaded guilty to criminal charges in Schragger was a member of SCA at the time of the abuse. His membership was suspended on his arrest and permanently revoked after his plea. The lawsuit contended that the SCA had not conducted a background check on Schragger, though at the time the organization did not perform background checks in general and there is no legal requirement to do so.
The SCA engages in a broad range sca master thesis activities, including SCA armoured combatSCA fencingarcheryequestrian activitiesfeasting, medieval dance and recreating medieval arts and sca master thesisincluding a broad range of crafts as well as medieval music and theatre. Other activities include the study and practice of heraldry and scribal arts calligraphy and illumination.
Members are afforded opportunities to register a medieval personal name and coat of arms often colloquially called a " device " in SCA parlance. SCA scribes produce illuminated scrolls to be given by SCA royalty as awards for various achievements. Some kingdoms and regions also have occasional war practices, sca master thesis, where fighters practice formations and group tactics in preparation for large scale "war" events.
The research and approach by members of the SCA toward the recreation of history has led to new discoveries about medieval life. According to the newcomer's guide: [11], sca master thesis. We request that all participants make "an attempt" at preth-century clothing commonly referred to as "Garb" As you pick items, sca master thesis, always remember to try not to make them "obtrusively modern", sca master thesis.
The SCA holds its own events as a non-profit education organization for the benefit of SCA members and their guests. This is unlike most Renaissance fairs[12] [13] that are held mainly for profit to entertain customers and open to the public. Other noticeable differences are SCA events are historically earlier than most Renaissance fairs. Each kingdom in the SCA runs its own schedule of events which are announced in their kingdom newsletters and usually posted on the kingdom web sitebut some of the largest SCA-sanctioned sca master thesis, often called "wars", attract members from many kingdoms.
Pennsic Warsca master thesis, fought annually between the East Kingdom and Middle Kingdom, is the biggest event in the SCA. Likewise, Estrella War has been held for over thirty years, [14] mainly between two large regional SCA groups: the Kingdom of Atenveldt and the Kingdom of the Outlands. Other annual SCA wars include Gulf Wars in Gleann Abhann formerly MeridiesGreat Western War in Caid, War of the Lillies in Calontir and others. Other annual or semi-annual Kingdom-level events held analogously by most or all SCA kingdoms include Crown Tournament, Coronation, Kingdom Arts and Sciences competition and Queen's Prize.
Additionally, most baronies in the SCA have their own traditional annual events such as Baronial Arts and Sciences competition, a championship tournament, and often a Yule or Twelfth Night feast. Various SCA groups also sometimes host sca master thesis or symposia, where members gather for a raft of classes on various medieval arts and sciences and other SCA-related topics.
The minimum standard for attendance at an SCA event is "an attempt sca master thesis preth century clothing", [16] and there is a general goal of maintaining a historical atmosphere. However, SCA members will use modern elements when necessary sca master thesis personal comfort, medical needs, or to promote safety e. wearing prescription eye-wear, using rattan for swords or shear thickening substances for padding. Unlike some other living history groups, most SCA gatherings do not reenact a specific time or place in history, leaving members free to dress as any culture within the SCA's time period.
The SCA produces two quarterly publications, The Compleat Anachronist and Tournaments Illuminated[19] and each kingdom publishes a monthly newsletter. The Compleat Anachronist is a quarterly monographic serieseach issue focused on a specific topic related to the period of circa — in European history. Tournaments Illuminated is a quarterly magazine, each issue covering a range of topics and including several features such as news, a humor column, book reviews, war reports and various articles on SCA-related topics of interest.
The SCA is incorporated as a c 3 non-profit corporation in California[23] with its current headquarters in the city of Milpitas. It is headed by a board of directorseach of whom is nominated by the membership of the SCA, selected by sitting directors, and elected to sca master thesis for 3. The BoD, as it is called, is responsible for handling the corporate affairs of the SCA and is also in charge of certain disciplinary actions, such as revoking the membership status of participants sca master thesis have broken Corpora regulations or modern law while participating in SCA activities.
SCAA in Australia, SCANZ in New Zealand, SKA Nordmark in Sweden, SKA in Finland, and the UK CIC which covers both the UK and Ireland. These affiliated bodies work with the US board of directors with regards to societal issues, but make all decisions affected by local law independently of the US parent body. Although sca master thesis agree to work in unity with the US SCA board of directors, they are autonomous and are not bound by any ruling of the US body.
The SCA is divided into sca master thesis regions sca master thesis it calls kingdoms. Smaller branches within those kingdoms include PrincipalitiesRegionsBaroniesand Provincesand local chapters are known as CantonsRidingsShiresCollegesStrongholdsand Ports. Kingdoms, Principalities, and Baronies have ceremonial rulers who preside over activities and issue awards to individuals and groups.
Colleges, Strongholds, and Ports are local chapters like a shire that are associated with an institution, such as a school, military base, or even a military ship at sea. All SCA branches are organized in descending order as follows: [25], sca master thesis. Groups are active all over the United States, Canada, sca master thesis, EuropeAustraliaSouth Africaand New Zealandsca master thesis, with scattered groups elsewhere, including ChinaPanama and Thailand.
At one time there was even a group on the aircraft carrier USS Nimitzknown as the "Shire of Curragh Mor" anglicized Irish for "Big Boat"and the shire's arms played on the Nimitz's ship's badge. There are also non-territorial, usually called "households", which are not part of the Society's formal organization, the largest of which is the Mongol Empire -themed Great Dark Horde.
The twenty SCA Kingdoms and the geographic sca master thesis they cover [29] are in order of founding [30], sca master thesis. The Society as a whole, each kingdom, and each local group within a kingdom, all have a standard group of officers with titles loosely based on medieval equivalents.
Members of the SCA study and take part in a variety of activities, including combat and chivalry, archeryheraldryequestrian activities, costuming, cookingmetalwork, woodworking, leathercrafting, sca master thesis, music, dance, calligraphyfiber arts, and others as practiced during the member's time period. To aid historical recreation, participants in the SCA create historically plausible characters known individually as personae.
The goal of a well-crafted persona is a historically accurate person who might have lived in a particular historical time and place. The SCA has onomastic students who assist members in creating an appropriate persona name, sca master thesis. The SCA rules state that: "We allow elements and patterns for personal names from beyond Europe, but we require them to be from cultures that were known to medieval and Renaissance Europeans or whose members might reasonably have traveled to Europe".
In addition, claiming to be a specific historical individual, especially a very familiar one e. Genghis KhanJulius CaesarHenry PlantagenetQueen Elizabeth Iis not permitted.
Likewise, one is not allowed to claim the persona of a fellow SCA member, alive or dead. Nor is one allowed to take on the persona of a sufficiently familiar fictional character e. A major dimension to the SCA is its internal system of Heraldry. Any member of the society may apply to register a name and device for their persona, which are checked by the heralds for uniqueness and period authenticity, before being blazoned and recorded in the society's Armorial, sca master thesis.
The system has evolved since the formation of the society; and now has three Sovereigns of Armswith Principal Heralds for each Kingdom, who oversee deputy officers for matters such as heraldic education and processing registrations, and local officers generally one for each local chapter who assist the local participants.
One of the primary functions of state for reigning monarchs is to recognize participant achievement through awards. Most awards denote excellence in a specific pursuit such as local service, arts and sciences, and combat. High level awards are often given with the consultation of the other people who have received the award, such as peerages and consulting orders.
Each SCA kingdom is "ruled" by a king and queen chosen by winning a Crown Tournament in armored combat. Corpora require this to be held as a "properly constituted armored combat" tournament. This selection method is not based on how actual medieval monarchs were chosen, as there is no record of one being selected by Tournament combat in this manner.
There are, however, literary and historical bases for the custom, most famously the tournament in Sir Walter Scott 's Ivanhoe. In the Middle Ages, there were a number of different "mock king" games, some of which involved some form of combat, sca master thesis, such as Sca master thesis of the Mountain or the King of Archers.
In the 17th century the Cotswold Games were developed, the winner of which was declared to be "king". Also, the medieval sagas contain accounts of uniting petty kingdoms under a single king through actual combat. The SCA's first event did not choose a "king", sca master thesis. Fighters vied for the right to declare their ladies only men fought at the first event "fairest", later called the "Queen of Love and Beauty".
The highest ranking titles in the SCA belong to the royalty, followed by the former royalty. Former kings and queens become counts and countesses dukes and duchesses if they have reigned more than onceand former princes and princesses of Principalities become viscounts and viscountesses.
Directly beneath this "landed" nobility current and former royalty rank the highest awards, the Sca master thesis. The SCA has four orders of peerage with one split into two parts: the Order of the Chivalry, awarded for skill at arms in Armored Combat, split into the knights and the Masters of arms; the Order of the Laurel, awarded for skill in the arts and sciences; the Order of the Pelican, awarded for outstanding service to the Society; and the Order of the Masters of Defense, awarded for skill at arms in Rapier Combat.
In Several of the Kingdoms the Order of the Rose, made up of former Consorts, is considered a peerage equal to the other four. Peerages are bestowed by the Crown the Sovereign and Consort of a Kingdom.
In most cases, this is done with the consent of the members of a given peerage, sca master thesis, often at their suggestion. Restriction: to advance a candidate to the Order of the Chivalry, a Knight of the Society usually the King must bestow the accolade ". In MayThe Onion ran a front-page article headlined "Society for Creative Anachronism Seizes Control of Russia" featuring photos of actual SCA participants from the Barony of Jaravellir Madison, Wisconsin.
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The Society for Creative Anachronism (SCA) is an international living history group with the aim of studying and recreating mainly Medieval European cultures and their histories before the 17th century. A quip often used within the SCA describes it as a group devoted to the Middle Ages "as they ought to have been", choosing to "selectively recreate the culture, choosing elements of the culture The SCA University of Theology and Spirituality (UTS) is a progressive, inter-spiritual, interdenominational, inter-faith, and holistic based center for higher learning that endeavors to educate and assist in the development of forward-thinking leaders and practitioners of Spiritual Care Hillory clintons thesis research paper on computer networking resume template india. Buy world literature dissertation conclusion nyu sca thesis resume for grad school application template. Database resume objective. How to do a 6th grade book report, write percents in essay
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